戴珍珠耳环的少女 Girl with a Pearl Earring
维米尔 · 约1665年 · 海牙莫瑞泰斯皇家美术馆
Johannes Vermeer · c. 1665 · Mauritshuis, The Hague
图片：Wikimedia Commons，公有领域 / Image: Wikimedia Commons, public domain
发现 · Discover
珍珠 The pearl
这颗“珍珠”没有轮廓，也没有挂在耳朵上的钩子，只是几笔半透明和不透明的白色颜料。
The "pearl" has no outline and no hook to hang it from her ear. It is just a few translucent and opaque touches of white paint.
睫毛 Eyelashes
2018年的研究发现，维米尔画过睫毛，只是肉眼已经看不见了。
Research in 2018 found that Vermeer painted eyelashes, though they can no longer be seen with the naked eye.
消失的帘子 The vanished curtain
背景原本不是一片黑暗，而是一道绿色帘子。几百年来，半透明的绿色颜料慢慢变化，帘子就消失了。
The background was not originally empty and dark: Vermeer painted a green curtain. Over the centuries the translucent green paint changed, and the curtain disappeared.
光 The light
光从左边照过来，落在她的脸、头巾和珍珠上，背景是一片深色。维米尔一生都在画光。
Light falls from the left onto her face, headscarf and pearl, against a dark background. Vermeer spent his life painting light.
不是肖像 Not a portrait
这是一幅“特罗尼”，17世纪荷兰人所说的“头像”，本来就不是为某个真人画的肖像。她穿着异国风格的衣服，戴着头巾。她是谁，至今没有人知道。
This is a "tronie", what the 17th-century Dutch called a "head": never meant as a portrait of a real person. She wears exotic dress and a headscarf. Her identity remains unknown.
一层一层 Layer by layer
维米尔先画绿色帘子，再一层层往前画，头巾和珍珠是最后加上去的。
Vermeer began with the green curtain and worked forward, adding the headscarf and the pearl last.
故事 · The story
她是谁？ Who was she?
这幅画大约画于1665年。几百年来，人们一直想知道画中的女孩是谁，但她本来就不是某个真人的肖像。
Painted around 1665, this girl has made people wonder for centuries who she was, yet she was never meant to be a portrait of anyone.
约1665年 · 海牙莫瑞泰斯皇家美术馆 / c. 1665 · Mauritshuis, The Hague
玻璃房里的研究 Research in a glass room
2018年，莫瑞泰斯皇家美术馆在展厅里搭了一间玻璃工作室，国际研究团队在里面检测这幅画，两周内公众可以在旁边观看。
In 2018, the Mauritshuis built a glass studio in the gallery. An international team examined the painting inside it, and for two weeks the public could watch.
更“私人”的一幅画 A more personal painting
研究找到了睫毛和消失的绿色帘子。美术馆说，这幅画比人们以前以为的更“私人”。
The research revealed eyelashes and the vanished green curtain. The museum said the painting is more personal than was previously thought.
最珍贵的首饰，只有几笔颜料。 The most precious jewel is just a few touches of paint.
作品档案 · Artwork record
| 画家（生卒年） · Artist (dates) | 约翰内斯·维米尔（1632–1675） / Johannes Vermeer (1632–1675) |
|---|---|
| 画名 · Title | 戴珍珠耳环的少女 / Girl with a Pearl Earring |
| 年份 · Date | 约1665年 / c. 1665 |
| 材质 · Medium | 布面油画 / Oil on canvas |
| 尺寸 · Dimensions | 44.5 × 39 cm |
| 收藏地 · Collection | 海牙莫瑞泰斯皇家美术馆 / Mauritshuis, The Hague |
关于画家 · About the artist
约翰内斯·维米尔（1632–1675），荷兰画家，一生都在代尔夫特生活和创作。他留下的画作只有约35幅，以描绘室内的光线著称。
Johannes Vermeer (1632–1675) was a Dutch painter who lived and worked in Delft all his life. Only about 35 of his paintings survive, famous for their rendering of light in quiet interiors.
更多维米尔的画 · More by Johannes Vermeer